When people think of NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, they often imagine space rockets launching into the sky or astronauts aboard the International Space Station. However, one of NASA’s most important missions takes place much closer to Earth, the ocean. NASA plays a crucial role in studying and protecting the planet’s oceans, an effort that will help us better study our planet for the environment and our future, all from above.
Oceans cover over 70% of Earth’s surface and act as a powerful regulator of the global climate. They absorb vast amounts of heat and carbon dioxide, helping slow the fast pace of climate change, the constant rise in the average global temperature. However, it’s not just this, but oceans are also warming, sea levels are increasing, and marine ecosystems are under threat. Monitoring these changes across such a massive area, around 361 million square kilometers, would be nearly impossible without satellite technology, controlled on Earth, but operated miles above Earth.
NASA uses advanced satellites to track sea level rise, one of the most noticeable changes when viewed from space. By measuring small changes in ocean height, scientists can predict flood risks and identify which coastal regions are most vulnerable to water threats like tsunamis. This information is essential for those planning to build their communities to withstand storms, erosion, and long-term climate resilience.
Ocean temperature is another factor NASA is studying. Warmer-than-average waters often contribute to coral bleaching, which disrupts marine food webs. By collecting long-term temperature data, NASA helps scientists all over Earth to understand how climate change is also affecting the oceans and makes extreme weather events that affect millions more often.
NASA also studies ocean color, which reveals the presence of phytoplankton, microscopic organisms that are the base of the marine food chain. These organisms absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, making them vital in regulating Earth’s climate. Plankton, another form of microscopic organisms, are also extremely important because they generate at least 50% of the world’s oxygen and support nearly all aquatic life. Changes in ocean color can signal shifts in ocean health or ecosystem stress.
Though often stereotyped as only exploring space, NASA also studies our massive ocean from above. NASA’s ocean research is a critical part of knowing our planet and environment. The data collected concerning the oceans by this organization from space informs companies striving to protect Earth and raise overall environmental awareness.
Works Cited:
Burns, Darrik. “NASA’s Ocean Exploration and Research Is Ongoing.” Science Feedback, 13 June 2024, science.feedback.org/review/nasa-ocean-exploration-research-ongoing-no-mysterious-discovery-stopped-efforts-contrary-social-media-claims/. Accessed 16 Feb. 2026.
Earth Data. “Ocean.” Earth Data, www.earthdata.nasa.gov/topics/ocean. Accessed 16 Feb. 2026,
